Portugal

The richest 10% concentrates 59% of the wealth of families

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Briefings

Portuguese wealth distribution data from the Banco de Portugal shows the top 10% of families hold 59% of total wealth between 2010 and 2025, while the bottom half holds only 6%. The total liquid wealth reached 1.196 billion euros in Q1 2026, up from 1.214 billion in Q1 2026. Wealth composition shifted toward housing, with 70% of assets held by lower-income families versus 40% for the top 10%. The Gini coefficient rose to 72.5 in Portugal in Q1 2026, indicating increased inequality.

Key points

• The top 10% of Portuguese families hold 59% of total wealth between 2010 and 2025, while the bottom half holds only 6%.
• Housing assets represent the primary wealth holding for lower-income families, comprising over 70% of their total assets in Q1 2026.

Context

Data comes from the Banco de Portugal's Distributional Wealth Accounts (DWA), a quarterly statistical experiment using ISFF survey data. The findings indicate a trend of increasing wealth concentration in Portugal since 2010, with the top 10% holding significantly more wealth than the bottom half.

Limitations

Data is limited to Q1 2026 and covers the period 2010-2025. The DWA methodology is still under development and may differ from ISFF results. Some wealth components like pension rights and cash holdings are excluded from the analysis.

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