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Agent Architecture Cost-Success Trade-offs: A Controlled Evaluation across Enterprise-Style SOPs

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Briefings

A controlled evaluation of four agent architectures (single agent, skill-augmented, multi-agent orchestration, and triage swarm) across 13 enterprise SOPs revealed no universal best architecture. Task success ranged from under 10% to near 100%, with added architecture costing 2.6-5.8x more latency and tokens. Implementation quality significantly outweighed architecture choice, as a redesigned multi-agent implementation beat the baseline by 7.2 percentage points.

Key points

• Task success ranges from under 10% on the hardest SOPs to near 100% on the easiest ones, with no architecture being statistically separable in aggregate.
• A targeted redesign of a multi-agent implementation improved success from 67.4% to 75.6%, while degraded skills fell below the baseline.

Context

This study evaluates agent architectures for enterprise SOPs using a rubric to build matched high and low-quality skill corpora. The findings indicate that architecture choice is SOP-dependent, and implementation quality is more critical than architectural complexity.

Limitations

Evidence is limited to 13 enterprise SOPs and a single snapshot at publication. The directional trend for added structure on complex SOPs is not yet statistically significant, and the study does not account for external factors beyond architecture, tasks, and tools.

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