Quantum

Long-range correlated quantum errors from diffuson-correlated dephasing

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Briefings

A new study reveals that disorder-induced low-energy modes called diffusons in electrical conductors cause spatially correlated dephasing in solid-state qubits sharing the same path. This mechanism creates an unambiguous experimental signature where qubit pairs at equal separation can be either correlated or anticorrelated, violating standard fault tolerance conditions for large arrays.

Key points

• Disorder-induced low-energy modes in conductors are termed diffusons and cause spatially correlated dephasing in qubits sharing the same path.
• The noise kernel decays as the inverse square of qubit separation and changes sign with orientation, allowing for correlated or anticorrelated noise depending on geometry.

Context

This finding applies to electrical solid-state qubits initialized and read out through diffusive conductors, where the soft-mode content of the environment rather than specific gate details drives the correlated noise.

Limitations

The analysis is based on a Keldysh nonlinear sigma model approximation; the logarithmic growth of correlated noise in 2D arrays with increasing size remains a theoretical prediction without experimental validation.

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