Climate

Q&A: What is the Belém-Antalya mechanism for a ‘just transition’?

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Briefings

Civil society and unions pushed for a 'just transition mechanism' at COP30 in Brazil to institutionalize the concept from talk to action. The mechanism, named the Belém-Antalya mechanism, emerged from collaboration between trade unions, feminist groups, and Indigenous peoples. Despite a 2024 failure at COP29, COP30 parties agreed to establish the mechanism, though details and financing remain vague. The concept originated in the 1980s with US labor unions and environmental justice groups, gaining momentum through the 2015 Paris Agreement and subsequent declarations.

Key points

• The Belém-Antalya mechanism was established at COP30 in Brazil to institutionalize the 'just transition' concept from discussion to action.
• The mechanism emerged from collaboration between trade unions, feminist groups, and Indigenous peoples at the UNFCCC.

Context

The Belém-Antalya mechanism (BAM) was proposed at COP30 in Brazil to institutionalize the 'just transition' concept from talk to action, following years of civil society advocacy. The concept originated in the 1980s with US labor unions and environmental justice groups, gaining momentum through the 2015 Paris Agreement and subsequent declarations.

Limitations

Details of the BAM's specific functions and purpose remain vague, with developed and developing countries disagreeing on its functions. Financing details were not resolved at COP30, and the mechanism's exact operational framework remains undefined.

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