Portugal

Climate and health: new challenges to safety

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Briefings

A European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) published a report on September 30, 2026, identifying heatwaves as the primary climate risk affecting insurance solvency. The report highlights that 97% of extreme weather-related deaths in the EU-27 between 1980 and 2024 were caused by heatwaves, linking this to increased morbidity and mortality in life and health sectors. The analysis distinguishes between exposure to climate risks and the transmission of these risks to insurance liabilities, noting that current data limitations hinder precise risk quantification. Key uncertainty remains regarding the full economic impact of longevity changes on pension systems and the effectiveness of current risk management strategies.

Key points

• The European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) published a report on September 30, 2026, identifying heatwaves as the primary climate risk affecting insurance solvency.
• 97% of extreme weather-related deaths in the EU-27 between 1980 and 2024 were caused by heatwaves, linking this to increased morbidity and mortality in life and health sectors.

Context

The report analyzes how climate change alters risk analysis for insurers, moving beyond asset exposure to consider human health impacts like mortality, morbidity, and longevity. It references the Health & Demography Conference 2026 and the Cascais International Health Forum 2026 to contextualize the need for evidence-based approaches in risk assessment and resource allocation.

Limitations

The report relies on limited data regarding the full economic impact of longevity changes on pension systems and the effectiveness of current risk management strategies. The analysis incorporates expert judgment but does not constitute definitive predictions of future losses, and precise quantification of climate risks remains a challenge due to data gaps.

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