Climate

COP17: Global South struggles to protect ocean as money fails to flow

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Briefings

At COP17 in Yerevan, 140 ministers and 9,000 delegates met to address pledges under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Despite promises of USD 20 billion annual funding by 2025, only USD 18.9 billion was delivered in 2024, leaving global ocean protection at 10% and effective protection at 3.5%. Conservationists in Argentina and West Africa report severe funding gaps, with local governments unable to implement protected areas like Patagonia's Azul provincial park. Negotiators agreed to note with concern that marine ecosystems receive less attention than terrestrial ones, yet financial mobilization remains a critical bottleneck for coastal conservation.

Key points

• At COP17 in Yerevan, 140 ministers and 9,000 delegates met to address pledges under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
• Global ocean protection stands at 10% with only 3.5% effectively protected, despite promised USD 20 billion annual funding by 2025.

Context

COP17 in Yerevan, Armenia, brought together 140 ministers and 9,000 delegates to address pledges under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. The meeting highlighted a critical gap between global biodiversity targets and local implementation, particularly in developing nations lacking funding and capacity to protect marine ecosystems.

Limitations

Data on ocean protection funding is limited to 2024 OECD figures (USD 18.9 billion), with earlier years showing significantly lower marine protection investment. Some experts note that only 3.5% of protected areas are effectively safeguarded, and specific financial mechanisms for marine ecosystems remain undefined in negotiations.

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